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DBMS > Amazon Aurora vs. Apache Impala vs. EXASOL vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Vertica

System Properties Comparison Amazon Aurora vs. Apache Impala vs. EXASOL vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Vertica

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Aurora  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonEXASOL  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionMySQL and PostgreSQL compatible cloud service by AmazonAnalytic DBMS for HadoopHigh-performance, in-memory, MPP database specifically designed for in-memory analytics.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Cloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infoColumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument storeSpatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score7.91
Rank#50  Overall
#32  Relational DBMS
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score1.99
Rank#124  Overall
#58  Relational DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score10.68
Rank#43  Overall
#27  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­rds/­auroraimpala.apache.orgwww.exasol.comcloud.google.com/­spannerwww.vertica.com
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­AmazonRDS/­latest/­AuroraUserGuide/­CHAP_Aurora.htmlimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwww.exasol.com/­resourcescloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsvertica.com/­documentation
DeveloperAmazonApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaExasolGoogleOpenText infopreviously Micro Focus and Hewlett Packard
Initial release20152013200020172005
Current release4.1.0, June 202212.0.3, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialcommercialcommercial infoLimited community edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonoyesno infoon-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containers
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++
Server operating systemshostedLinuxhostedLinux
Data schemeyesyesyesyesYes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesNo Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011Full 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
.Net
JDBC
ODBC
WebSocket
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL infocharacter-based, interactive, front-end utility
Supported programming languagesAda
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBCJava
Lua
Python
R
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceuser defined functionsnoyes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differences
Triggersyesnoyesnoyes, called Custom Alerts
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioningShardingShardingShardinghorizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationselectable replication factorMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Multi-source replication infoOne, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyes infoHadoop integrationyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno infoBi-directional Spark integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon AuroraApache ImpalaEXASOLGoogle Cloud SpannerVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
Specific characteristicsDeploy-anywhere database for large-scale analytical deployments. Deploy off-cloud,...
» more
Competitive advantagesFast, scalable, and capable of high concurrency. Separation of compute/storage leverages...
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Typical application scenariosCommunication and network analytics, Embedded analytics, Fraud monitoring and Risk...
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Key customersAbiba Systems, Adform, adMarketplace, AmeriPride, Anritsu, AOL, Avito, Auckland Transport,...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsCost-based models and subscription-based models are both available. One license is...
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More resources
Amazon AuroraApache ImpalaEXASOLGoogle Cloud SpannerVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
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