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DBMS > Alibaba Cloud Table Store vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. IBM Db2 vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Alibaba Cloud Table Store vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. IBM Db2 vs. Virtuoso

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAlibaba Cloud Table Store  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA fully managed Wide Column Store for large quantities of semi-structured data with real-time accessA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Common in IBM host environments, 2 different versions for host and Windows/LinuxVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelWide column storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infoSince Version 10.5 support for JSON/BSON documents compatible with MongoDBDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsDocument store
RDF store infoin Db2 LUW (Linux, Unix, Windows)
Spatial DBMS infowith Db2 Spatial Extender
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.25
Rank#294  Overall
#12  Wide column stores
Score2.69
Rank#101  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score123.05
Rank#9  Overall
#6  Relational DBMS
Score3.99
Rank#75  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#40  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitewww.alibabacloud.com/­product/­table-storecloud.google.com/­spannerwww.ibm.com/­products/­db2virtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationwww.alibabacloud.com/­help/­en/­tablestorecloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.ibm.com/­docs/­en/­db2docs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperAlibabaGoogleIBMOpenLink Software
Initial release201620171983 infohost version1998
Current release12.1, October 20167.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercialcommercial infofree version is availableOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC and C++C
Server operating systemshostedhostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsHTTP APIgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
JSON style queries infoMongoDB compatible
ODBC
XQuery
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesJava
Python
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyesyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnonoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingSharding infoonly with Windows/Unix/Linux Versionyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes infowith separate tools (MQ, InfoSphere)Chain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataAtomic single-row operationsACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights based on subaccounts and tokensAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Alibaba Cloud Table StoreGoogle Cloud SpannerIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2Virtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
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Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
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Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
Alibaba Cloud Table StoreGoogle Cloud SpannerIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2Virtuoso
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