DBMS > Alibaba Cloud TSDB vs. Lovefield vs. OpenSearch vs. Virtuoso vs. Weaviate

System Properties Comparison Alibaba Cloud TSDB vs. Lovefield vs. OpenSearch vs. Virtuoso vs. Weaviate

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A stable, reliable, and cost-effective online high-performance time series database service

Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript

A distributed, RESTful search and analytics engine forked from Elasticsearch and based on Apache Lucene

Virtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs

An AI-native realtime vector database engine that integrates scalable machine learning models.

Primary database model

Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Search engine

Document store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine

Vector DBMS

Secondary database models

Vector DBMS

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.24
Rank	#306	Overall
	#26	Time Series DBMS

Score	0.29
Rank	#293	Overall
	#133	Relational DBMS

Score	16.36
Rank	#37	Overall
	#4	Search engines

Score	4.26
Rank	#78	Overall
	#13	Document stores
	#4	Graph DBMS
	#2	Native XML DBMS
	#42	Relational DBMS
	#2	RDF stores
	#9	Search engines

Score	1.73
Rank	#143	Overall
	#5	Vector DBMS

Website

www.alibabacloud.com/product/hitsdb

google.github.io/lovefield

github.com/opensearch-project
opensearch.org

virtuoso.openlinksw.com

github.com/weaviate/weaviate
weaviate.io

Technical documentation

www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/time-series-database/latest/what-is-tsdb

github.com/google/lovefield/blob/master/docs/spec_index.md

opensearch.org/docs/latest

docs.openlinksw.com/virtuoso

weaviate.io/developers/weaviate

Developer

Alibaba

Google

Amazon Web Services

OpenLink Software

Weaviate B.V.

Initial release

2014

2021

1998

2019

Current release

2.1.12, February 2017

2.5.0, January 2023

7.2.11, September 2023

1.19, May 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

GPLv2, extended commercial license available

Open Source

commercial license available with Weaviate Enterprise

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

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Implementation language

JavaScript

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

tested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari

All OS with a Java VM

AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent

yes

SQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type

yes, maps to GraphQL interface

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

Numeric data and Strings

yes

string, int, float, geo point, date, cross reference, fuzzy references

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

yes

all data objects are indexed in a semantic vector space (the Contextionary), all primitive fields are indexed

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

via JavaScript builder pattern

SQL-like query language

yes

SQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX

GraphQL is used as query language

APIs and other access methods

HTTP REST

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT

GraphQL query language
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

Java

JavaScript

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Elasticsearch client

.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic

JavaScript / TypeScript
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Virtuoso PL

Triggers

Using read-only observers

yes

by using the 'percolation' feature

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

yes

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

yes

Chain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using MemoryDB

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access managed on TSDB instance level

Fine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)

API Keys
OpenID Connect Discovery

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

OpenSearch is a highly scalable and extensible open-source software suite for search,...
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Virtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
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Weaviate is an open source vector database that is robust, scalable, cloud-native,...
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Competitive advantages

Distributed as fully open source under Apache License, Version 2.0 (ALv2), OpenSearch...
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Performance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
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Flexible deployment - Free, open source or fully-managed cloud vector database service...
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Typical application scenarios

The OpenSearch platform is used across a broad range of search , analytics, and observability...
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Used for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
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As a database supporting the development of generative AI and semantic search applications...
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Key customers

Broad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
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All companies that have data.
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Market metrics

Largest installed-base of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
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As of mid 2023: Over 2 million open source downloads 3500+ Weaviate Slack community...
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Licensing and pricing models

The OpenSearch Project offers open source software licensed under Apache License...
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Available in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
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Weaviate is open-source, and free to use. Weaviate is also available as a fully managed...
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