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DBMS > Alibaba Cloud MaxCompute vs. Kyligence Enterprise vs. Spark SQL vs. TypeDB vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Alibaba Cloud MaxCompute vs. Kyligence Enterprise vs. Spark SQL vs. TypeDB vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAlibaba Cloud MaxCompute  Xexclude from comparisonKyligence Enterprise  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionMaxCompute (previously known as ODPS) is a general purpose, fully managed, multi-tenancy data processing platform for large-scale data warehousingA distributed analytics engine for big data, built on top of Apache KylinSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingTypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query languageVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infoa graph-processing framework is available with the graphs being stored in tablesRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Relational DBMS infoOften described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.
Document store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.84
Rank#209  Overall
#98  Relational DBMS
Score0.46
Rank#266  Overall
#124  Relational DBMS
Score18.04
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score0.70
Rank#230  Overall
#20  Graph DBMS
#106  Relational DBMS
Score4.27
Rank#73  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#39  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitewww.alibabacloud.com/­product/­maxcomputekyligence.io/­kyligence-enterprisespark.apache.org/­sqltypedb.comvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationwww.alibabacloud.com/­help/­en/­maxcomputespark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmltypedb.com/­docsdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperAlibabaKyligence, Inc.Apache Software FoundationVaticleOpenLink Software
Initial release20162016201420161998
Current release3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 20232.26.3, January 20247.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaScalaJavaC
Server operating systemshostedLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononoyes
Secondary indexesnoyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageANSI SQL for queries (using Apache Calcite)SQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsFluentd
Flume
MaxCompute Console
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesJavaJava
Python
R
Scala
All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions infoin Javanonoyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnononoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes, utilizing Spark CoreSharding infoby using Cassandrayes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenoneMulti-source replication infoby using CassandraChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesyesyes infoby using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeperyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonono infosubstituted by the relationship featureyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and rolesnoyes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progressFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Alibaba Cloud MaxComputeKyligence EnterpriseSpark SQLTypeDB infoformerly named GraknVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsTypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
» more
Virtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesTypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
» more
Performance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosLife sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
» more
Used for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
» more
Available in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
Alibaba Cloud MaxComputeKyligence EnterpriseSpark SQLTypeDB infoformerly named GraknVirtuoso
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