DBMS > Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL vs. Dgraph vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. VoltDB

System Properties Comparison Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL vs. Dgraph vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. VoltDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An online MPP (Massively Parallel Processing) data warehousing service based on Greenplum

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Fully managed big data interactive analytics platform

Distributed In-Memory NewSQL RDBMS

Used for OLTP applications with a high frequency of relatively simple transactions, that can hold all their data in memory

Primary database model

column oriented

Secondary database models

Document store

If a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types/dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store

this is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine

support for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/time-series-analysis

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.76
Rank	#220	Overall
	#102	Relational DBMS

Score	1.53
Rank	#152	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	3.80
Rank	#81	Overall
	#43	Relational DBMS

Score	1.47
Rank	#157	Overall
	#73	Relational DBMS

Website

www.alibabacloud.com/product/hybriddb-postgresql

dgraph.io

azure.microsoft.com/services/data-explorer

www.voltdb.com

Technical documentation

www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/analyticdb-for-postgresql/latest/product-introduction-overview

dgraph.io/docs

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer

docs.voltdb.com

Developer

Alibaba / Pivotal Software Inc. / PostgreSQL Global Development Group

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Microsoft

VoltDB Inc.

Initial release

2016

2019

2010

Current release

cloud service with continuous releases

11.3, April 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Open Source

AGPL for Community Edition, commercial license for Enterprise, AWS, and Pro Editions

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java, C++

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

Linux
OS X

for development

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Fixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

bool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

all fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset

yes

only a subset of SQL 99

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API

Java API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

C
Java
Perl
Python
R

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R

C#
C++
Erlang

not officially supported
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R

Java

Triggers

yes

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/management/updatepolicy

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

yes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Synchronous replication via Raft

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Spark connector (open source): github.com/Azure/azure-kusto-spark

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

FOREIGN KEY constraints are not supported

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Transactions are executed single-threaded within stored procedures

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Data access is serialized by the server

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Snapshots and command logging

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Planned for future releases

Azure Active Directory Authentication

Users and roles with access to stored procedures

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