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DBMS > Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL vs. Citus vs. Datomic vs. Google Cloud Spanner

System Properties Comparison Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL vs. Citus vs. Datomic vs. Google Cloud Spanner

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAlibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL infoformer name was HybridDB  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn online MPP (Massively Parallel Processing) data warehousing service based on GreenplumScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.76
Rank#220  Overall
#102  Relational DBMS
Score2.15
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score1.66
Rank#144  Overall
#66  Relational DBMS
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.alibabacloud.com/­product/­hybriddb-postgresqlwww.citusdata.comwww.datomic.comcloud.google.com/­spanner
Technical documentationwww.alibabacloud.com/­help/­en/­analyticdb-for-postgresql/­latest/­product-introduction-overviewdocs.citusdata.comdocs.datomic.comcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docs
DeveloperAlibaba / Pivotal Software Inc. / PostgreSQL Global Development GroupCognitectGoogle
Initial release2016201020122017
Current release8.1, December 20181.0.7075, December 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercial infolimited edition freecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCJava, Clojure
Server operating systemshostedLinuxAll OS with a Java VMhosted
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsnoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
RESTful HTTP APIgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC
Java
Perl
Python
R
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Clojure
Java
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes infoTransaction Functionsno
TriggersyesyesBy using transaction functionsno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflow
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrity
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolation
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

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More resources
Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL infoformer name was HybridDBCitusDatomicGoogle Cloud Spanner
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