DBMS > Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL vs. AllegroGraph vs. Amazon Neptune vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. OpenSearch

System Properties Comparison Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL vs. AllegroGraph vs. Amazon Neptune vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. OpenSearch

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An online MPP (Massively Parallel Processing) data warehousing service based on Greenplum

High performance, persistent RDF store with additional support for Graph DBMS

Fast, reliable graph database built for the cloud

A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.

A distributed, RESTful search and analytics engine forked from Elasticsearch and based on Apache Lucene

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store

with version 6.5
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Vector DBMS

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Relational DBMS

Search engine

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Vector DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.76
Rank	#220	Overall
	#102	Relational DBMS

Score	1.13
Rank	#179	Overall
	#30	Document stores
	#17	Graph DBMS
	#7	RDF stores
	#7	Vector DBMS

Score	2.29
Rank	#113	Overall
	#9	Graph DBMS
	#5	RDF stores

Score	2.84
Rank	#100	Overall
	#51	Relational DBMS

Score	16.03
Rank	#37	Overall
	#4	Search engines

Website

www.alibabacloud.com/product/hybriddb-postgresql

allegrograph.com

aws.amazon.com/neptune

cloud.google.com/spanner

github.com/opensearch-project
opensearch.org

Technical documentation

www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/analyticdb-for-postgresql/latest/product-introduction-overview

franz.com/agraph/support/documentation/current/agraph-introduction.html

aws.amazon.com/neptune/developer-resources

cloud.google.com/spanner/docs

opensearch.org/docs/latest

Developer

Alibaba / Pivotal Software Inc. / PostgreSQL Global Development Group

Franz Inc.

Amazon

Google

Amazon Web Services

Initial release

2016

2004

2017

2021

Current release

8.0, December 2023

2.5.0, January 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Limited community edition free

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

Data scheme

yes

RDF schemas

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

bulk load of XML files possible

Secondary indexes

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SPARQL is used as query language

yes

Query statements complying to ANSI 2011

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL

OpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC

At present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

C
Java
Perl
Python
R

C#
Clojure
Java
Lisp
Perl
Python
Ruby
Scala

C#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Elasticsearch client

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

JavaScript or Common Lisp

yes

Triggers

yes

by using the 'percolation' feature

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

with Federation

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Multi-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.

Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

by using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Strict serializable isolation

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with encyption-at-rest

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Knowledge Graph Platform Leader FedShard - Designed for Entity-Event Knowledge Graph...
» more

OpenSearch is a highly scalable and extensible open-source software suite for search,...
» more

Competitive advantages

AllegroGraph is uniquely suited to support adhoc queries through SPARQL, Prolog and...
» more

Distributed as fully open source under Apache License, Version 2.0 (ALv2), OpenSearch...
» more

Typical application scenarios

The OpenSearch platform is used across a broad range of search , analytics, and observability...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

The OpenSearch Project offers open source software licensed under Apache License...
» more

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