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DBMS > AlaSQL vs. Citus vs. Derby vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison AlaSQL vs. Citus vs. Derby vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAlaSQL  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDB  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionJavaScript DBMS libraryScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Cloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelDocument store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.46
Rank#260  Overall
#40  Document stores
#121  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score4.71
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score14.29
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Websitealasql.orgwww.citusdata.comdb.apache.org/­derbyfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databaseazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationgithub.com/­AlaSQL/­alasqldocs.citusdata.comdb.apache.org/­derby/­manuals/­index.htmlfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasedocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperAndrey Gershun & Mathias R. WulffApache Software FoundationGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014Microsoft
Initial release20142010199720122019
Current release8.1, December 201810.17.1.0, November 2023cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT-LicenseOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaScriptCJava
Server operating systemsserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)LinuxAll OS with a Java VMhostedhosted
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalityyesnoyes
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyesall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLClose to SQL99, but no user access control, stored procedures and host language bindings.yes infostandard, with numerous extensionsyesnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsJavaScript APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBCAndroid
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesJavaScript.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
JavaJava
JavaScript
Objective-C
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Java Stored Procedureslimited functionality with using 'rules'Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
TriggersyesyesyesCallbacks are triggered when data changesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSource-replica replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datayes infoonly for local storage and DOM-storageACIDACIDyesno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infoby using IndexedDB, SQL.JS or proprietary FileStorageyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes, based on authentication and database rulesAzure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
AlaSQLCitusDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDBFirebase Realtime DatabaseMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
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