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DBMS > AlaSQL vs. Apache Drill vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison AlaSQL vs. Apache Drill vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Spark SQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAlaSQL  Xexclude from comparisonApache Drill  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionJavaScript DBMS librarySchema-free SQL Query Engine for Hadoop, NoSQL and Cloud StorageFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelDocument store
Relational DBMS
Document store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.46
Rank#260  Overall
#40  Document stores
#121  Relational DBMS
Score1.95
Rank#127  Overall
#23  Document stores
#60  Relational DBMS
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websitealasql.orgdrill.apache.orgwww.h2database.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerspark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationgithub.com/­AlaSQL/­alasqldrill.apache.org/­docswww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperAndrey Gershun & Mathias R. WulffApache Software FoundationThomas MuellerMicrosoftApache Software Foundation
Initial release20142012200520192014
Current release1.20.3, January 20232.2.220, July 2023cloud service with continuous releases3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT-LicenseOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaScriptJavaScala
Server operating systemsserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMhostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesno
Secondary indexesnonoyesall fields are automatically indexedno
SQL infoSupport of SQLClose to SQL99, but no user access control, stored procedures and host language bindings.SQL SELECT statement is SQL:2003 compliantyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsJavaScript APIJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesJavaScriptC++Java.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functionsJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rno
Triggersyesnoyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnonenoneImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datayes infoonly for local storage and DOM-storagenoACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infoby using IndexedDB, SQL.JS or proprietary FileStorageDepending on the underlying data sourceyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesDepending on the underlying data sourceyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlnoDepending on the underlying data sourcefine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory Authenticationno

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More resources
AlaSQLApache DrillH2Microsoft Azure Data ExplorerSpark SQL
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