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DBMS > AlaSQL vs. Amazon Neptune vs. Stardog vs. Trino vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison AlaSQL vs. Amazon Neptune vs. Stardog vs. Trino vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAlaSQL  Xexclude from comparisonAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTrino  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionJavaScript DBMS libraryFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationFast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQLVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelDocument store
Relational DBMS
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.46
Rank#260  Overall
#40  Document stores
#121  Relational DBMS
Score2.20
Rank#119  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score5.00
Rank#66  Overall
#36  Relational DBMS
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitealasql.orgaws.amazon.com/­neptunewww.stardog.comtrino.iovirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationgithub.com/­AlaSQL/­alasqlaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesdocs.stardog.comtrino.io/­broadcast
trino.io/­docs/­current
docs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHub
DeveloperAndrey Gershun & Mathias R. WulffAmazonStardog-UnionTrino Software FoundationOpenLink Software
Initial release2014201720102012 info2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL1998
Current release7.3.0, May 20207.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT-Licensecommercialcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Starburst Galaxy offers a feature-rich user interface to connect all your data sources, manage your Trino clusters, and query your data.
Implementation languageJavaScriptJavaJavaC
Server operating systemsserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)hostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux
macOS infofor devlopment
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono infoImport/export of XML data possiblenoyes
Secondary indexesnonoyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialdepending on connected data-sourceyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLClose to SQL99, but no user access control, stored procedures and host language bindings.noYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Serveryesyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsJavaScript APIOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesJavaScriptC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonouser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javayes, depending on connected data-sourceyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersyesnoyes infovia event handlersnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonenonedepending on connected data-sourceyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Multi-source replication in HA-Clusterdepending on connected data-sourceChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Clusterdepending on connected data-sourceImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoRelationships in graphsyes inforelationships in graphsnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datayes infoonly for local storage and DOM-storageACIDACIDdepending on connected data-sourceACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infoby using IndexedDB, SQL.JS or proprietary FileStorageyes infowith encyption-at-restyesdepending on connected data-sourceyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users and rolesSQL standard access controlFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
AlaSQLAmazon NeptuneStardogTrinoVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsTrino is the fastest open source, massively parallel processing SQL query engine...
» more
Virtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh performance analtyics and data processing of very large data sets Powerful ANSI...
» more
Performance & Scale โ€” as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosPerformant analytics query engine for data warehouses, data lakes, and data lakehouses...
» more
Used for โ€” Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersTrino is widely adopted across the globe as freely-available open source software....
» more
Broad use across enterprises and governments including โ€” European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metrics33000+ commits in GitHub 8200+ stargazers in GitHub 1200+ pull requests merged in...
» more
Largest installed-base โ€‹of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsTrino is an open source project and usage is therefore free. Commercial offerings...
» more
Available in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
AlaSQLAmazon NeptuneStardogTrinoVirtuoso
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