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DBMS > Adabas vs. Hive vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison Adabas vs. Hive vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TypeDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"  Xexclude from comparisonHive  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOLTP - DBMS for mainframes and Linux/Unix/Windows environments infoused typically together with the Natural programming platformdata warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on HadoopOperational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL databaseFully managed big data interactive analytics platformTypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language
Primary database modelMultivalue DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedGraph DBMS
Relational DBMS infoOften described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.17
Rank#94  Overall
#1  Multivalue DBMS
Score61.17
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Score5.92
Rank#58  Overall
#10  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#6  Search engines
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score0.65
Rank#234  Overall
#20  Graph DBMS
#107  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.softwareag.com/­en_corporate/­platform/­adabas-natural.htmlhive.apache.orgwww.marklogic.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorertypedb.com
Technical documentationcwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Homedocs.marklogic.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorertypedb.com/­docs
DeveloperSoftware AGApache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by FacebookMarkLogic Corp.MicrosoftVaticle
Initial release19712012200120192016
Current release3.1.3, April 202211.0, December 2022cloud service with continuous releases2.26.3, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercialOpen Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++Java
Server operating systemsBS2000
Linux
Unix
Windows
z/OS
z/VSE
All OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforcedFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infowith add-on product Adabas SQL GatewaySQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infoSQL92Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetno
APIs and other access methodsHTTP API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
SOAP-based API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)
Supported programming languagesNaturalC++
Java
PHP
Python
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin Naturalyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyes infovia XQuery or JavaScriptYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rno
Triggersnonoyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyes, with additonal products like Adabas Cluster Services, Adabas Parallel Services, Adabas VistaShardingShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding infoby using Cassandra
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, with add-on product Event Replicatorselectable replication factoryesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replication infoby using Cassandra
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobsSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkyes infoby using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononono infosubstituted by the relationship feature
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transactionnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes, with Range Indexesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlonly with OS-specific tools (e.g. IBM RACF, CA Top Secret)Access rights for users, groups and rolesRole-based access control at the document and subdocument levelsAzure Active Directory Authenticationyes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progress
More information provided by the system vendor
Adabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"HiveMarkLogicMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
Specific characteristicsTypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
» more
Competitive advantagesTypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
» more
Typical application scenariosLife sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
» more

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Adabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"HiveMarkLogicMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
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