DBMS > Adabas vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. H2 vs. mSQL

System Properties Comparison Adabas vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. H2 vs. mSQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

OLTP - DBMS for mainframes and Linux/Unix/Windows environments

used typically together with the Natural programming platform

A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

mSQL (Mini SQL) is a simple and lightweight RDBMS

Primary database model

Multivalue DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.64
Rank	#104	Overall
	#1	Multivalue DBMS

Score	2.69
Rank	#101	Overall
	#51	Relational DBMS

Score	7.57
Rank	#47	Overall
	#30	Relational DBMS

Score	1.26
Rank	#163	Overall
	#74	Relational DBMS

Website

www.softwareag.com/en_corporate/platform/adabas-natural.html

cloud.google.com/spanner

www.h2database.com

hughestech.com.au/products/msql

Technical documentation

cloud.google.com/spanner/docs

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

Developer

Software AG

Google

Thomas Mueller

Hughes Technologies

Initial release

1971

2017

2005

1994

Current release

2.2.220, July 2023

4.4, October 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

commercial

free licenses can be provided

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

BS2000
Linux
Unix
Windows
z/OS
z/VSE

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows

Data scheme

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

with add-on product Adabas SQL Gateway

yes

Query statements complying to ANSI 2011

yes

A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented

no subqueries, aggregate functions, views, foreign keys, triggers

APIs and other access methods

HTTP API

with add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
SOAP-based API

with add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC

At present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

Natural

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Java

C
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

in Natural

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

yes, with additonal products like Adabas Cluster Services, Adabas Parallel Services, Adabas Vista

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes, with add-on product Event Replicator

Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

by using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Strict serializable isolation

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

only with OS-specific tools (e.g. IBM RACF, CA Top Secret)

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources

Recent citations in the news

Re-evaluating legacy: Should you leave Adabas (and Natural) behind?
30 May 2024, ITWeb

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IBM to buy Software AG’s integration businesses for €2.1 billion
19 December 2023, RCR Wireless News

IBM buys 50-year-old Software AG's enterprise tech units for €2.13B in cash
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