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DBMS > Adabas vs. Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. NuoDB

System Properties Comparison Adabas vs. Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. NuoDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOLTP - DBMS for mainframes and Linux/Unix/Windows environments infoused typically together with the Natural programming platformDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerNuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactions
Primary database modelMultivalue DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.17
Rank#94  Overall
#1  Multivalue DBMS
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score0.89
Rank#198  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.softwareag.com/­en_corporate/­platform/­adabas-natural.htmldgraph.iocloud.google.com/­spannerazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-database
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docscloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsdoc.nuodb.com
DeveloperSoftware AGDgraph Labs, Inc.GoogleMicrosoftDassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.
Initial release19712016201720162013
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercialcommercial infolimited edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoC++C++
Server operating systemsBS2000
Linux
Unix
Windows
z/OS
z/VSE
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedhostedhosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infowith add-on product Adabas SQL Gatewaynoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesyes
APIs and other access methodsHTTP API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
SOAP-based API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesNaturalC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C#
Java
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin NaturalnonoTransact SQLJava, SQL
Triggersnonononoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyes, with additonal products like Adabas Cluster Services, Adabas Parallel Services, Adabas VistayesShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningdata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/written
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, with add-on product Event ReplicatorSynchronous replication via RaftMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yesyes infoManaged transparently by NuoDB
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACID infotunable commit protocol
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes infoMVCC
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes infoTemporary table
User concepts infoAccess controlonly with OS-specific tools (e.g. IBM RACF, CA Top Secret)no infoPlanned for future releasesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)yesStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Users

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More resources
Adabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"DgraphGoogle Cloud SpannerMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseNuoDB
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