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DBMS > Adabas vs. BaseX vs. Datomic vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Google Cloud Spanner

System Properties Comparison Adabas vs. BaseX vs. Datomic vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Google Cloud Spanner

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"  Xexclude from comparisonBaseX  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOLTP - DBMS for mainframes and Linux/Unix/Windows environments infoused typically together with the Natural programming platformLight-weight Native XML DBMS with support for XQuery 3.0 and interactive GUI.Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.
Primary database modelMultivalue DBMSNative XML DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.17
Rank#94  Overall
#1  Multivalue DBMS
Score1.73
Rank#142  Overall
#4  Native XML DBMS
Score1.59
Rank#150  Overall
#69  Relational DBMS
Score4.47
Rank#76  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.softwareag.com/­en_corporate/­platform/­adabas-natural.htmlbasex.orgwww.datomic.comcloud.google.com/­datastorecloud.google.com/­spanner
Technical documentationdocs.basex.orgdocs.datomic.comcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docscloud.google.com/­spanner/­docs
DeveloperSoftware AGBaseX GmbHCognitectGoogleGoogle
Initial release19712007201220082017
Current release10.7, August 20231.0.6735, June 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoBSD licensecommercial infolimited edition freecommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaJava, Clojure
Server operating systemsBS2000
Linux
Unix
Windows
z/OS
z/VSE
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMhostedhosted
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infoXQuery supports typesyesyes, details hereyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infowith add-on product Adabas SQL GatewaynonoSQL-like query language (GQL)yes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011
APIs and other access methodsHTTP API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
SOAP-based API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
RESTXQ
WebDAV
XML:DB
XQJ
RESTful HTTP APIgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesNaturalActionscript
C
C#
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lisp
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Rebol
Ruby
Scala
Visual Basic
Clojure
Java
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin Naturalyesyes infoTransaction Functionsusing Google App Engineno
Triggersnoyes infovia eventsBy using transaction functionsCallbacks using the Google Apps Engineno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyes, with additonal products like Adabas Cluster Services, Adabas Parallel Services, Adabas Vistanonenone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, with add-on product Event Replicatornonenone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersMulti-source replication using PaxosMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflow
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrity
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDmultiple readers, single writerACIDACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsACID infoStrict serializable isolation
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentnono
User concepts infoAccess controlonly with OS-specific tools (e.g. IBM RACF, CA Top Secret)Users with fine-grained authorization concept on 4 levelsnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

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More resources
Adabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"BaseXDatomicGoogle Cloud DatastoreGoogle Cloud Spanner
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