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DBMS > Adabas vs. Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OpenQM vs. Realm

System Properties Comparison Adabas vs. Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OpenQM vs. Realm

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonOpenQM infoalso called QM  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOLTP - DBMS for mainframes and Linux/Unix/Windows environments infoused typically together with the Natural programming platformAnalytic DBMS for HadoopFully managed big data interactive analytics platformQpenQM is a high-performance, self-tuning, multi-value DBMSA DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core Data
Primary database modelMultivalue DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedMultivalue DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.17
Rank#94  Overall
#1  Multivalue DBMS
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score0.27
Rank#298  Overall
#10  Multivalue DBMS
Score7.60
Rank#52  Overall
#9  Document stores
Websitewww.softwareag.com/­en_corporate/­platform/­adabas-natural.htmlimpala.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.rocketsoftware.com/­products/­rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/­rocket-open-qmrealm.io
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerrealm.io/­docs
DeveloperSoftware AGApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaMicrosoftRocket Software, originally Martin PhillipsRealm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019
Initial release19712013201919932014
Current release4.1.0, June 2022cloud service with continuous releases3.4-12
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license availableOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++
Server operating systemsBS2000
Linux
Unix
Windows
z/OS
z/VSE
LinuxhostedAIX
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Solaris
Windows
Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
Data schemeyesyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes infowith some exceptionsyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infowith add-on product Adabas SQL GatewaySQL-like DML and DDL statementsKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetnono
APIs and other access methodsHTTP API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
SOAP-based API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
JDBC
ODBC
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesNaturalAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
Basic
C
Java
Objective C
PHP
Python
.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin Naturalyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryesno inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary
Triggersnonoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesyes infoChange Listeners
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyes, with additonal products like Adabas Cluster Services, Adabas Parallel Services, Adabas VistaShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyesnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, with add-on product Event Replicatorselectable replication factoryes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yesnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoquery execution via MapReduceSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes infoIn-Memory realm
User concepts infoAccess controlonly with OS-specific tools (e.g. IBM RACF, CA Top Secret)Access rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAzure Active Directory AuthenticationAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelyes

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More resources
Adabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"Apache ImpalaMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerOpenQM infoalso called QMRealm
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