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DBMS > Adabas vs. Apache Druid vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

System Properties Comparison Adabas vs. Apache Druid vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"  Xexclude from comparisonApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure AI Search  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOLTP - DBMS for mainframes and Linux/Unix/Windows environments infoused typically together with the Natural programming platformOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataSearch-as-a-service for web and mobile app developmentFully managed big data interactive analytics platformElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server
Primary database modelMultivalue DBMSRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Search engineRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMSDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.64
Rank#104  Overall
#1  Multivalue DBMS
Score2.85
Rank#96  Overall
#50  Relational DBMS
#6  Time Series DBMS
Score5.75
Rank#58  Overall
#7  Search engines
Score3.28
Rank#83  Overall
#45  Relational DBMS
Score18.98
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.softwareag.com/­en_corporate/­platform/­adabas-natural.htmldruid.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­services/­searchazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analytics
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designlearn.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­searchdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analytics
DeveloperSoftware AGApache Software Foundation and contributorsMicrosoftMicrosoftMicrosoft
Initial release19712012201520192016
Current release30.0.0, June 2024V1cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache license v2commercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesyesyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++
Server operating systemsBS2000
Linux
Unix
Windows
z/OS
z/VSE
Linux
OS X
Unix
hostedhostedhosted
Data schemeyesyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infowith add-on product Adabas SQL GatewaySQL for queryingnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes
APIs and other access methodsHTTP API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
SOAP-based API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
RESTful HTTP APIMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesNaturalClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
C#
Java
JavaScript
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C#
Java
PHP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin NaturalnonoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RTransact SQL
Triggersnononoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyes, with additonal products like Adabas Cluster Services, Adabas Parallel Services, Adabas VistaSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding, horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, with add-on product Event Replicatoryes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnononoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono
User concepts infoAccess controlonly with OS-specific tools (e.g. IBM RACF, CA Top Secret)RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemyes infousing Azure authenticationAzure Active Directory Authenticationyes

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More resources
Adabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"Apache DruidMicrosoft Azure AI SearchMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse
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