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DBMS > Adabas vs. Amazon Neptune vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Adabas vs. Amazon Neptune vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"  Xexclude from comparisonAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionOLTP - DBMS for mainframes and Linux/Unix/Windows environments infoused typically together with the Natural programming platformFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelMultivalue DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Document storeRelational DBMSDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.79
Rank#102  Overall
#2  Multivalue DBMS
Score2.29
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score4.36
Rank#72  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.softwareag.com/­en_corporate/­platform/­adabas-natural.htmlaws.amazon.com/­neptunecloud.google.com/­datastoreazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcescloud.google.com/­datastore/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analytics
DeveloperSoftware AGAmazonGoogleMicrosoft8Kdata
Initial release19712017200820162016
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++Java
Server operating systemsBS2000
Linux
Unix
Windows
z/OS
z/VSE
hostedhostedhostedAll OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes, details hereyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infowith add-on product Adabas SQL GatewaynoSQL-like query language (GQL)yes
APIs and other access methodsHTTP API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
SOAP-based API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
OpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesNaturalC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
Java
PHP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin Naturalnousing Google App EngineTransact SQL
TriggersnonoCallbacks using the Google Apps Enginenono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyes, with additonal products like Adabas Cluster Services, Adabas Parallel Services, Adabas VistanoneShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, with add-on product Event ReplicatorMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Multi-source replication using PaxosyesSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoRelationships in graphsyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlonly with OS-specific tools (e.g. IBM RACF, CA Top Secret)Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)yesAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
Adabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"Amazon NeptuneGoogle Cloud DatastoreMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseToroDB
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