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DBMS > Adabas vs. AlaSQL vs. Apache Druid vs. Datomic vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison Adabas vs. AlaSQL vs. Apache Druid vs. Datomic vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"  Xexclude from comparisonAlaSQL  Xexclude from comparisonApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOLTP - DBMS for mainframes and Linux/Unix/Windows environments infoused typically together with the Natural programming platformJavaScript DBMS libraryOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityFully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelMultivalue DBMSDocument store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.79
Rank#102  Overall
#2  Multivalue DBMS
Score0.51
Rank#256  Overall
#40  Document stores
#118  Relational DBMS
Score3.25
Rank#90  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score1.66
Rank#144  Overall
#66  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.softwareag.com/­en_corporate/­platform/­adabas-natural.htmlalasql.orgdruid.apache.orgwww.datomic.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationgithub.com/­AlaSQL/­alasqldruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designdocs.datomic.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperSoftware AGAndrey Gershun & Mathias R. WulffApache Software Foundation and contributorsCognitectMicrosoft
Initial release19712014201220122019
Current release29.0.1, April 20241.0.7075, December 2023cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoMIT-LicenseOpen Source infoApache license v2commercial infolimited edition freecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaScriptJavaJava, Clojure
Server operating systemsBS2000
Linux
Unix
Windows
z/OS
z/VSE
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)Linux
OS X
Unix
All OS with a Java VMhosted
Data schemeyesschema-freeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononoyes
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infowith add-on product Adabas SQL GatewayClose to SQL99, but no user access control, stored procedures and host language bindings.SQL for queryingnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsHTTP API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
SOAP-based API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
JavaScript APIJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
RESTful HTTP APIMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesNaturalJavaScriptClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Clojure
Java
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin Naturalnonoyes infoTransaction FunctionsYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
TriggersnoyesnoBy using transaction functionsyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyes, with additonal products like Adabas Cluster Services, Adabas Parallel Services, Adabas VistanoneSharding infomanual/auto, time-basednone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, with add-on product Event Replicatornoneyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyes infoonly for local storage and DOM-storagenoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infoby using IndexedDB, SQL.JS or proprietary FileStorageyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentno
User concepts infoAccess controlonly with OS-specific tools (e.g. IBM RACF, CA Top Secret)noRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemnoAzure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
Adabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"AlaSQLApache DruidDatomicMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
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