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DBMS > 4D vs. Spark SQL vs. SurrealDB vs. Teradata Aster vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Spark SQL vs. SurrealDB vs. Teradata Aster vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparisonTeradata Aster  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
Teradata Aster has been integrated into other Teradata systems and therefore will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingA fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMSPlatform for big data analytics on multistructured data sources and typesIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score0.86
Rank#203  Overall
#34  Document stores
#18  Graph DBMS
Score1.31
Rank#163  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comspark.apache.org/­sqlsurrealdb.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmlsurrealdb.com/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
Developer4D, IncApache Software FoundationSurrealDB LtdTeradataOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release19842014202220051998
Current releasev20, April 20233.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023v1.1.1, January 202411 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Sourcecommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageScalaRust
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
LinuxAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free) infodefined schema within the relational store; partial schema or schema free in the Aster File Storeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyes infoin Aster File Storeno
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like query languageyesyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Java
Python
R
Scala
Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
C
C#
C++
Java
Python
R
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoR packagesPL/SQL
Triggersyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyes, utilizing Spark CoreShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneyes infoDimension tables are replicated across all nodes in the cluster. The number of replicas for the file store can be configured.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infoSQL Map-Reduce Frameworkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnoyes, based on authentication and database rulesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionSpark SQLSurrealDBTeradata AsterTimesTen
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