DBMS > 4D vs. SpaceTime vs. TigerGraph vs. ToroDB vs. Yaacomo

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. SpaceTime vs. TigerGraph vs. ToroDB vs. Yaacomo

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Yaacomo seems to be discontinued and is removed from the DB-Engines ranking

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

SpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.

A complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

OpenCL based in-memory RDBMS, designed for efficiently utilizing the hardware via parallel computing

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.03
Rank	#392	Overall
	#8	Spatial DBMS

Score	1.80
Rank	#138	Overall
	#13	Graph DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

www.mireo.com/spacetime

www.tigergraph.com

github.com/torodb/server

yaacomo.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.tigergraph.com

Developer

4D, Inc

Mireo

8Kdata

Q2WEB GmbH

Initial release

1984

2020

2017

2016

2009

Current release

v20, April 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

AGPL-V3

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Android
Linux
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented

SQL-like query language (GSQL)

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

RESTful HTTP API

GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C#
C++
Python

C++
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Fixed-grid hypercubes

Sharding

horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Real-time block device replication (DRBD)

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

yes

Role-based access control

Access rights for users and roles

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
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