DBMS > 4D vs. RDFox vs. SAP HANA vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. RDFox vs. SAP HANA vs. ToroDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

High performance knowledge graph and semantic reasoning engine

In-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud service

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

with SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.23
Rank	#308	Overall
	#25	Graph DBMS
	#14	RDF stores

Score	44.69
Rank	#22	Overall
	#16	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

www.oxfordsemantic.tech

www.sap.com/products/hana.html

github.com/torodb/server

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.oxfordsemantic.tech

help.sap.com/hana

Developer

4D, Inc

Oxford Semantic Technologies

SAP

8Kdata

Initial release

1984

2017

2010

2016

Current release

v20, April 2023

6.0, Septermber 2022

2.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

also available as a cloud based service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

Appliance or cloud-service

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Data scheme

yes

RDF schemas

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

SQLScript, R

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

yes

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

replication via a shared file system

yes

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode, Eventual Consistency in replicated setups

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Roles, resources, and access types

yes

Access rights for users and roles

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