DBMS > 4D vs. RDF4J vs. SQL.JS vs. SurrealDB vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. RDF4J vs. SQL.JS vs. SurrealDB vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Port of SQLite to JavaScript

A fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMS

In-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

RDF store

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.69
Rank	#230	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Score	0.53
Rank	#252	Overall
	#116	Relational DBMS

Score	0.86
Rank	#203	Overall
	#34	Document stores
	#18	Graph DBMS

Score	1.31
Rank	#163	Overall
	#74	Relational DBMS

Website

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/timesten.html

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

rdf4j.org/documentation

sql.js.org/documentation/index.html

surrealdb.com/docs

docs.oracle.com/database/timesten-18.1

Developer

4D, Inc

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Alon Zakai

enhancements implemented by others

SurrealDB Ltd

Oracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP

originally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005

Initial release

1984

2004

2012

2022

1998

Current release

v20, April 2023

v1.5.0, May 2024

11 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Open Source

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

JavaScript

Rust

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

Linux
macOS
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows

Data scheme

yes

RDF Schemas

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

SQL-like query language

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

JavaScript API

GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Java
PHP
Python

JavaScript

Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust

C
C++
Java
PL/SQL

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

PL/SQL

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

except by serializing a db to a file

yes

by means of logfiles and checkpoints

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

yes, based on authentication and database rules

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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