DBMS > 4D vs. RDF4J vs. RethinkDB vs. Snowflake vs. VelocityDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. RDF4J vs. RethinkDB vs. Snowflake vs. VelocityDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

DBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.

Cloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data

A .NET Object Database that can be embedded/distributed and extended to a graph data model (VelocityGraph)

Primary database model

Graph DBMS
Object oriented DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.74
Rank	#222	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Score	2.66
Rank	#107	Overall
	#20	Document stores

Score	130.36
Rank	#8	Overall
	#5	Relational DBMS

Score	0.11
Rank	#354	Overall
	#37	Graph DBMS
	#15	Object oriented DBMS

Website

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

rdf4j.org/documentation

rethinkdb.com/docs

docs.snowflake.net/manuals/index.html

velocitydb.com/UserGuide

Developer

4D, Inc

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

The Linux Foundation

since July 2017

Snowflake Computing Inc.

VelocityDB Inc

Initial release

1984

2004

2009

2014

2011

Current release

v20, April 2023

2.4.1, August 2020

7.x

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

Any that supports .NET

Data scheme

yes

RDF Schemas

schema-free

yes

support of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, binary, float, bool, date, geometry

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

.Net

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Java
PHP
Python

community-supported driver
C#

community-supported driver
C++

community-supported driver
Clojure

community-supported driver
Dart

community-supported driver
Erlang

community-supported driver
Go

community-supported driver
Haskell

community-supported driver
Java

official driver
JavaScript (Node.js)

official driver
Lisp

community-supported driver
Lua

community-supported driver
Objective-C

community-supported driver
Perl

community-supported driver
PHP

community-supported driver
Python

official driver
Ruby

official driver
Scala

community-supported driver

JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

.Net

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

Client-side triggers through changefeeds

similar concept for controling cloud resources

Callbacks are triggered when data changes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

range based

yes

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

Source-replica replication

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

Atomic single-document operations

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC based

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

yes

users and table-level permissions

Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

Based on Windows Authentication

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