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DBMS > 4D vs. QuestDB vs. RavenDB vs. SurrealDB vs. Teradata Aster

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. QuestDB vs. RavenDB vs. SurrealDB vs. Teradata Aster

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparisonRavenDB  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparisonTeradata Aster  Xexclude from comparison
Teradata Aster has been integrated into other Teradata systems and therefore will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA high performance open source SQL database for time series dataOpen Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document DatabaseA fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMSPlatform for big data analytics on multistructured data sources and types
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.70
Rank#105  Overall
#8  Time Series DBMS
Score2.84
Rank#101  Overall
#18  Document stores
Score1.02
Rank#190  Overall
#33  Document stores
#18  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comquestdb.ioravendb.netsurrealdb.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comquestdb.io/­docsravendb.net/­docssurrealdb.com/­docs
Developer4D, IncQuestDB Technology IncHibernating RhinosSurrealDB LtdTeradata
Initial release19842014201020222005
Current releasev20, April 20235.4, July 2022v1.5.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoAGPL version 3, commercial license availableOpen Sourcecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJava (Zero-GC), C++, RustC#Rust
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocolschema-freeschema-freeFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free) infodefined schema within the relational store; partial schema or schema free in the Aster File Store
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyes infoin Aster File Store
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL with time-series extensionsSQL-like query language (RQL)SQL-like query languageyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API
GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
C
C#
C++
Java
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoyesR packages
Triggersyesnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)ShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replication with eventual consistencyMulti-source replicationyes infoDimension tables are replicated across all nodes in the cluster. The number of replicas for the file store can be configured.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesnoyes infoSQL Map-Reduce Framework
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyDefault ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID for single-table writesACID, Cluster-wide transaction availableACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infothrough memory mapped filesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAuthorization levels configured per client per databaseyes, based on authentication and database rulesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionQuestDBRavenDBSurrealDBTeradata Aster
Specific characteristicsRelational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
» more
Typical application scenariosFinancial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more
Key customersBanks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsOpen source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionQuestDBRavenDBSurrealDBTeradata Aster
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