DBMS > 4D vs. Oracle Rdb vs. Sequoiadb vs. TimesTen vs. TinkerGraph

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Oracle Rdb vs. Sequoiadb vs. TimesTen vs. TinkerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

NewSQL database with distributed OLTP and SQL

An in-memory SQL relational database that delivers microsecond response and high throughput for OLTP applications. TimesTen can be deployed as a standalone database or as a cache to a backend Oracle database.

A lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 API

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store
Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.37
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.04
Rank	#184	Overall
	#84	Relational DBMS

Score	0.42
Rank	#263	Overall
	#41	Document stores
	#121	Relational DBMS

Score	1.26
Rank	#164	Overall
	#75	Relational DBMS

Score	0.08
Rank	#345	Overall
	#34	Graph DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/rdb.html

www.sequoiadb.com

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/timesten.html

tinkerpop.apache.org/docs/current/reference/#tinkergraph-gremlin

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/rdb-doc.html

www.sequoiadb.com/en/index.php?m=Files&a=index

docs.oracle.com/en/database/other-databases/timesten/index.html

Developer

4D, Inc

Oracle, originally developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC)

Sequoiadb Ltd.

Oracle

originally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005

Initial release

1984

2013

1998

2009

Current release

v20, April 2023

7.4.1.1, 2021

Release 22.1

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Server: AGPL; Client: Apache V2

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

HP Open VMS

Linux

IBM AIX Power PC 64-bit
Linux arm64
Linux x86-64
Solaris SPARC 64
Solaris SPARC/x86
Solaris x86-64

Data scheme

yes

Flexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

oid, date, timestamp, binary, regex

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

SQL-like query language

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

proprietary protocol using JSON

ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Pro*C/C++ programming interfaces
SQL and PL/SQL via JDBC

TinkerPop 3

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

.Net
C++
Java
PHP
Python

C
C++
Java
Node.js
PL/SQL
Python

Groovy
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

JavaScript

PL/SQL

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

none

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes, on a single node

Document is locked during a transaction

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

by means of logfiles and checkpoints

optional

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

simple password-based access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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