DBMS > 4D vs. Oracle Rdb vs. Realm vs. Vitess

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Oracle Rdb vs. Realm vs. Vitess

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

A DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core Data

Scalable, distributed, cloud-native DBMS, extending MySQL

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.08
Rank	#184	Overall
	#85	Relational DBMS

Score	7.60
Rank	#52	Overall
	#9	Document stores

Score	0.82
Rank	#209	Overall
	#97	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/rdb.html

realm.io

vitess.io

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/rdb-doc.html

realm.io/docs

vitess.io/docs

Developer

4D, Inc

Oracle, originally developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC)

Realm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019

The Linux Foundation, PlanetScale

Initial release

1984

2014

2013

Current release

v20, April 2023

7.4.1.1, 2021

15.0.2, December 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0, commercial licenses available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

HP Open VMS

Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows

Docker
Linux
macOS

Data scheme

yes

Flexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

ADO.NET
JDBC
MySQL protocol
ODBC

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

.Net
Java

with Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

runs within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary

yes

proprietary syntax

Triggers

yes

Change Listeners

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency across shards
Immediate Consistency within a shard

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes, on a single node

ACID

ACID at shard level

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

In-Memory realm

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

yes

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

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