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DBMS > 4D vs. Milvus vs. Realm vs. TigerGraph vs. Trino

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Milvus vs. Realm vs. TigerGraph vs. Trino

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparisonTrino  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searchesA DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core DataA complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-timeFast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSVector DBMSDocument storeGraph DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.31
Rank#113  Overall
#3  Vector DBMS
Score7.60
Rank#52  Overall
#9  Document stores
Score1.83
Rank#139  Overall
#13  Graph DBMS
Score5.00
Rank#66  Overall
#36  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.commilvus.iorealm.iowww.tigergraph.comtrino.io
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.commilvus.io/­docs/­overview.mdrealm.io/­docsdocs.tigergraph.comtrino.io/­broadcast
trino.io/­docs/­current
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHub
Developer4D, IncRealm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019Trino Software Foundation
Initial release19842019201420172012 info2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL
Current releasev20, April 20232.3.4, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for MilvusStarburst Galaxy offers a feature-rich user interface to connect all your data sources, manage your Trino clusters, and query your data.
Implementation languageC++, GoC++Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
LinuxLinux
macOS infofor devlopment
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesVector, Numeric and Stringyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesdepending on connected data-source
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92nonoSQL-like query language (GSQL)yes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
RESTful HTTP APIGSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
C++
Java
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnono inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessaryyesyes, depending on connected data-source
Triggersyesnoyes infoChange Listenersnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnonedepending on connected data-source
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnonedepending on connected data-source
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Immediate Consistencydepending on connected data-source
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACIDdepending on connected data-source
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesdepending on connected data-source
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes infoIn-Memory realmno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsRole based access control and fine grained access rightsyesRole-based access controlSQL standard access control
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionMilvusRealmTigerGraphTrino
Specific characteristicsMilvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
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Trino is the fastest open source, massively parallel processing SQL query engine...
» more
Competitive advantagesHighly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
» more
High performance analtyics and data processing of very large data sets Powerful ANSI...
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Typical application scenariosRAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more
Performant analytics query engine for data warehouses, data lakes, and data lakehouses...
» more
Key customersMilvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more
Trino is widely adopted across the globe as freely-available open source software....
» more
Market metricsAs of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
» more
33000+ commits in GitHub 8200+ stargazers in GitHub 1200+ pull requests merged in...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMilvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more
Trino is an open source project and usage is therefore free. Commercial offerings...
» more
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionMilvusRealmTigerGraphTrino
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