DBMS > 4D vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Postgres-XL vs. SAP Advantage Database Server vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Postgres-XL vs. SAP Advantage Database Server vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name	4D former name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparison	Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics previously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparison	Postgres-XL  Xexclude from comparison	SAP Advantage Database Server former name: Sybase ADS  Xexclude from comparison	TimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
				SAP Advantage Database Server seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
Description	Application development environment with integrated database management system	Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server	Based on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster features	Low-cost RDBMS with access to ISAM and FoxPro data structures	In-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database model	Relational DBMS	Relational DBMS	Relational DBMS	Relational DBMS	Relational DBMS
Secondary database models			Document store Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems Trend Chart	Score 2.47 Rank #110   Overall #54   Relational DBMS	Score 19.93 Rank #31   Overall #19   Relational DBMS	Score 0.53 Rank #254   Overall #117   Relational DBMS		Score 1.36 Rank #161   Overall #75   Relational DBMS
Website	www.4d.com	azure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analytics	www.postgres-xl.org	www.sap.com/products/advantage-database-server.html	www.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentation	developer.4d.com	docs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analytics	www.postgres-xl.org/­documentation		docs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
Developer	4D, Inc	Microsoft		Sybase, SAP	Oracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP originally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release	1984	2016	2014 since 2012, originally named StormDB	1993	1998
Current release	v20, April 2023		10 R1, October 2018		11 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License Commercial or Open Source	commercial	commercial	Open Source Mozilla public license	commercial	commercial
Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service	no	yes	no	no	no
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) Database as a Service Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation language		C++	C
Server operating systems	OS X Windows	hosted	Linux macOS	Linux Windows	AIX HP-UX Linux OS X Solaris SPARC/x86 Windows
Data scheme	yes	yes	yes	yes	yes
Typing predefined data types such as float or date	yes	yes	yes	yes	yes
XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.	yes	no	yes XML type, but no XML query functionality	no	no
Secondary indexes	yes	yes	yes	yes	yes
SQL Support of SQL	yes close to SQL 92	yes	yes distributed, parallel query execution	yes	yes
APIs and other access methods	ODBC RESTful HTTP API by using 4D Mobile SOAP webservices	ADO.NET JDBC ODBC	ADO.NET JDBC native C library ODBC streaming API for large objects	.NET Client API ADO.NET JDBC ODBC OLE DB	JDBC ODBC ODP.NET Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages	4D proprietary IDE PHP	C# Java PHP	.Net C C++ Delphi Erlang Java JavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python Tcl	Delphi Perl PHP	C C++ Java PL/SQL
Server-side scripts Stored procedures	yes	Transact SQL	user defined functions	yes	PL/SQL
Triggers	yes	no	yes	yes	no
Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes	none	Sharding, horizontal partitioning	horizontal partitioning	none	none
Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes	Multi-source replication	yes		Multi-source replication CONFLICT Trigger to resolve replication conflicts Source-replica replication	Multi-source replication Source-replica replication
MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods	no	no	no	no	no
Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system	Immediate Consistency	Immediate Consistency	Immediate Consistency	Immediate Consistency	Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys Referential integrity	yes	no docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints	yes	yes	yes
Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data	ACID	ACID	ACID MVCC	ACID	ACID
Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data	yes	yes	yes	yes	yes
Durability Support for making data persistent	yes	yes	yes	yes	yes by means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.	no		no	no caching of (temporary) tables can be configured	yes
User concepts Access control	Users and groups	yes	fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard	fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard	fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
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More resources
	4D former name: 4th Dimension	Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics previously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse	Postgres-XL	SAP Advantage Database Server former name: Sybase ADS	TimesTen
DB-Engines blog posts	MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking 2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger show all
Recent citations in the news		Migrate Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics to Amazon Redshift using AWS SCT | Amazon Web Services 18 October 2023, AWS Blog Azure Synapse Runtime for Apache Spark 3.2 End of Support | Azure updates 22 March 2024, Microsoft Azure Synapse vs. Databricks: Data Platform Comparison 2024 26 March 2024, eWeek Azure Synapse Analytics: Everything you need to know about Microsoft's cloud analytics platform 24 September 2023, DataScientest Azure Synapse Link for Cosmos DB: New Analytics Capabilities 10 November 2023, InfoQ.com provided by Google News		SAP Announces Q3 2023 Results: Asia Pacific and Japan View 19 October 2023, SAP News provided by Google News

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