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DBMS > 4D vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TempoIQ vs. Teradata Aster

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TempoIQ vs. Teradata Aster

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonTempoIQ infoformerly TempoDB  Xexclude from comparisonTeradata Aster  Xexclude from comparison
TempoIQ seems to be decommissioned. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking.Teradata Aster has been integrated into other Teradata systems and therefore will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemFully managed big data interactive analytics platformScalable analytics DBMS for sensor data, provided as a service (SaaS)Platform for big data analytics on multistructured data sources and types
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorertempoiq.com (offline)
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
Developer4D, IncMicrosoftTempoIQTeradata
Initial release1984201920122005
Current releasev20, April 2023cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedLinux
Data schemeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-freeFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free) infodefined schema within the relational store; partial schema or schema free in the Aster File Store
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesnoyes infoin Aster File Store
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetnoyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C#
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Java
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RnoR packages
Triggersyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes infoRealtime Alertsno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes infoDimension tables are replicated across all nodes in the cluster. The number of replicas for the file store can be configured.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknoyes infoSQL Map-Reduce Framework
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAzure Active Directory Authenticationsimple authentication-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerTempoIQ infoformerly TempoDBTeradata Aster
DB-Engines blog posts

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Recent citations in the news

Azure Data Explorer: Log and telemetry analytics benchmark
16 August 2022, Microsoft

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23 May 2023, Microsoft

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Teradata Aster gets graph database, HDFS-compatible file store
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23 April 2015, The Register

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