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DBMS > 4D vs. Lovefield vs. RDF4J vs. SQL.JS

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Lovefield vs. RDF4J vs. SQL.JS

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Port of SQLite to JavaScript

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.33
Rank	#286	Overall
	#131	Relational DBMS

Score	0.74
Rank	#222	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Score	0.63
Rank	#241	Overall
	#112	Relational DBMS

Website

google.github.io/lovefield

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

github.com/google/lovefield/blob/master/docs/spec_index.md

rdf4j.org/documentation

sql.js.org/documentation/index.html

Developer

4D, Inc

Google

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Alon Zakai

enhancements implemented by others

Initial release

1984

2014

2004

2012

Current release

v20, April 2023

2.1.12, February 2017

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Open Source

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

no

no

no

no

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

JavaScript

Java

JavaScript

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

tested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

Data scheme

yes

yes

yes

RDF Schemas

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes

yes

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

no

no

Secondary indexes

yes

yes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like query language

via JavaScript builder pattern

no

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

JavaScript API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

JavaScript

Java
PHP
Python

JavaScript

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

no

yes

no

Triggers

yes

Using read-only observers

yes

no

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

none

none

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

none

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

no

no

no

no

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

yes

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

ACID

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

no

except by serializing a db to a file

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

no

yes

using MemoryDB

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

no

no

no

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

New kids on the block: database management systems implemented in JavaScript
1 December 2014, Matthias Gelbmann

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