DBMS > 4D vs. LokiJS vs. Milvus vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. LokiJS vs. Milvus vs. RDF4J

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

In-memory JavaScript DBMS

A DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searches

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Primary database model

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.37
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.44
Rank	#256	Overall
	#40	Document stores

Score	3.01
Rank	#89	Overall
	#4	Vector DBMS

Score	0.72
Rank	#222	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Website

www.4d.com

github.com/techfort/LokiJS

milvus.io

rdf4j.org

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

techfort.github.io/LokiJS

milvus.io/docs/overview.md

rdf4j.org/documentation

Developer

4D, Inc

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Initial release

1984

2014

2019

2004

Current release

v20, April 2023

2.4.4, May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for Milvus

Implementation language

JavaScript

C++, Go

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

Linux
macOS

10.14 or later
Windows

with WSL 2 enabled

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

RDF Schemas

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

Vector, Numeric and String

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JavaScript API

RESTful HTTP API

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

JavaScript

C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Java
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

View functions in JavaScript

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Bounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

atomic operations within a single collection possible

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Serialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Role based access control and fine grained access rights

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Milvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more

Competitive advantages

Highly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
» more

Typical application scenarios

RAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more

Key customers

Milvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more

Market metrics

As of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations 3k+ enterprise...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

Milvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

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New kids on the block: database management systems implemented in JavaScript
1 December 2014, Matthias Gelbmann

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Vector databases
2 June 2023, Matthias Gelbmann

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Recent citations in the news

LokiJS - A JavaScript Database
18 November 2014, iProgrammer

provided by Google News

AI-Powered Search Engine With Milvus Vector Database on Vultr - SitePoint
30 August 2024, SitePoint

How NVIDIA GPU Acceleration Supercharged Milvus Vector Database
26 March 2024, The New Stack

IBM watsonx.data’s integrated vector database: unify, prepare, and deliver your data for AI
9 April 2024, ibm.com

10 top vector database options for similarity searches
8 August 2024, TechTarget

Milvus 2.4 Unveils Game-Changing Features for Enhanced Vector Search
20 March 2024, GlobeNewswire

provided by Google News

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