DBMS > 4D vs. Kingbase vs. Lovefield vs. MonetDB vs. Newts

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Kingbase vs. Lovefield vs. MonetDB vs. Newts

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

An enterprise-class RDBMS compatible with PostgreSQL and Oracle and widely used in China.

Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript

A relational database management system that stores data in columns

Time Series DBMS based on Cassandra

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.37
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.44
Rank	#258	Overall
	#117	Relational DBMS

Score	0.22
Rank	#306	Overall
	#138	Relational DBMS

Score	1.72
Rank	#135	Overall
	#62	Relational DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#385	Overall
	#40	Time Series DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

www.kingbase.com.cn

google.github.io/lovefield

www.monetdb.org

opennms.github.io/newts

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

github.com/google/lovefield/blob/master/docs/spec_index.md

www.monetdb.org/Documentation

github.com/OpenNMS/newts/wiki

Developer

4D, Inc

BeiJing KINGBASE Information technologies inc.

Google

MonetDB BV

OpenNMS Group

Initial release

1984

1999

2014

2004

2014

Current release

v20, April 2023

V8.0, August 2021

2.1.12, February 2017

Dec2023 (11.49), December 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Mozilla Public License 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C and Java

JavaScript

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux
Windows

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

tested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

Standard with numerous extensions

SQL-like query language

via JavaScript builder pattern

yes

SQL 2003 with some extensions

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

ADO.NET
gokb
JDBC
kdbndp
ODBC
PDI
PDO
Pro*C
psycopg2
QT

JDBC
native C library

MAPI library (MonetDB application programming interface)
ODBC

HTTP REST
Java API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python

JavaScript

C
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby

Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

yes, in SQL, C, R

Triggers

yes

Using read-only observers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioning

none

Sharding via remote tables

Sharding

based on Cassandra

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes

none

Source-replica replication available in experimental status

selectable replication factor

based on Cassandra

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

based on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency

based on Cassandra

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using MemoryDB

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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