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DBMS > 4D vs. Ingres vs. ToroDB vs. YDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Ingres vs. ToroDB vs. YDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparisonYDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemWell established RDBMSA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQLA distributed fault-tolerant database service, with high availability, scalability, immediate consistency and ACID transactions and providing an Amazon DynamoDB compatible API
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeDocument store
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#82  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score0.33
Rank#287  Overall
#43  Document stores
#132  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.actian.com/­databases/­ingresgithub.com/­torodb/­servergithub.com/­ydb-platform/­ydb
ydb.tech
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.actian.com/­ingresydb.tech/­en/­docs
Developer4D, IncActian Corporation8KdataYandex
Initial release19841974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s20162019
Current releasev20, April 202311.2, May 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoAGPL-V3Open Source infoApache 2.0; commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VMLinux
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_idyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesno infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availablenono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesSQL-like query language (YQL)
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
RESTful HTTP API (DynamoDB compatible)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesno
Triggersyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslyShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationIngres ReplicatorSource-replica replicationActive-passive shard replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoMVCCyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and rolesAccess rights defined for Yandex Cloud users

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionIngresToroDBYDB
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