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DBMS > 4D vs. Ingres vs. ToroDB vs. Ultipa

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Ingres vs. ToroDB vs. Ultipa

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparisonUltipa  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemWell established RDBMSA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQLHigh performance Graph DBMS supporting HTAP high availability cluster deployment
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeGraph DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#82  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score0.19
Rank#330  Overall
#30  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.actian.com/­databases/­ingresgithub.com/­torodb/­serverwww.ultipa.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.actian.com/­ingreswww.ultipa.com/­document
Developer4D, IncActian Corporation8KdataUltipa
Initial release19841974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s20162019
Current releasev20, April 202311.2, May 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoAGPL-V3commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesno infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availableno
Secondary indexesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes
Triggersyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslySharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationIngres ReplicatorSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoMVCCyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionIngresToroDBUltipa
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