DBMS > 4D vs. Ingres vs. TerminusDB vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Ingres vs. TerminusDB vs. Trafodion

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Well established RDBMS

Scalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationships

Transactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
RDF store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	4.11
Rank	#81	Overall
	#44	Relational DBMS

Score	0.17
Rank	#325	Overall
	#29	Graph DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

terminusdb.com

trafodion.apache.org

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.actian.com/ingres

terminusdb.github.io/terminusdb/#

trafodion.apache.org/documentation.html

Developer

4D, Inc

Actian Corporation

DataChemist Ltd.

Apache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP

Initial release

1984

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

2018

2014

Current release

v20, April 2023

11.2, May 2022

11.0.0, January 2023

2.3.0, February 2019

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

GPL V3

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Prolog, Rust

C++, Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

SQL-like query language (WOQL)

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

OWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

JavaScript
Python

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Java Stored Procedures

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

Graph Partitioning

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Ingres Replicator

Journaling Streams

yes, via HBase

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

via user defined functions and HBase

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory journaling

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Role-based access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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