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DBMS > 4D vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. SQL.JS

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. SQL.JS

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonSQL.JS  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemWell established RDBMSElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerPort of SQLite to JavaScript
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#82  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score0.63
Rank#241  Overall
#112  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.actian.com/­databases/­ingresazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticssql.js.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.actian.com/­ingresdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticssql.js.org/­documentation/­index.html
Developer4D, IncActian CorporationMicrosoftAlon Zakai infoenhancements implemented by others
Initial release19841974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s20162012
Current releasev20, April 202311.2, May 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCC++JavaScript
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
hostedserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesno infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availablenono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesyesyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supported
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JavaScript API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
Java
PHP
JavaScript
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesTransact SQLno
Triggersyesyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslySharding, horizontal partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationIngres Replicatoryesnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoMVCCyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesno infoexcept by serializing a db to a file
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesno

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionIngresMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseSQL.JS
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