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DBMS > 4D vs. IRONdb vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OrigoDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. IRONdb vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OrigoDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonIRONdb  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonOrigoDB  Xexclude from comparison
IRONdb seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA distributed Time Series DBMS with a focus on scalability, fault tolerance and operational simplicityFully managed big data interactive analytics platformA fully ACID in-memory object graph database
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument store
Object oriented DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.37
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score3.28
Rank#83  Overall
#45  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#385  Overall
#54  Document stores
#21  Object oriented DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.circonus.com/solutions/time-series-database/azure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerorigodb.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.circonus.com/irondb/category/getting-starteddocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerorigodb.com/­docs
Developer4D, IncCirconus LLC.MicrosoftRobert Friberg et al
Initial release1984201720192009 infounder the name LiveDB
Current releasev20, April 2023V0.10.20, January 2018cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC and C++C#
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxhostedLinux
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infotext, numeric, histogramsyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesUser defined using .NET types and collections
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyesno infocan be achieved using .NET
Secondary indexesyesnoall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like query language (Circonus Analytics Query Language: CAQL)Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
HTTP APIMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
.NET Client API
HTTP API
LINQ
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes, in LuaYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryes
Triggersyesnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes infoDomain Events
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneAutomatic, metric affinity per nodeSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicehorizontal partitioning infoclient side managed; servers are not synchronized
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationconfigurable replication factor, datacenter awareyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency per node, eventual consistency across nodesEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonodepending on model
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoWrite ahead log
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnoAzure Active Directory AuthenticationRole based authorization

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionIRONdbMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerOrigoDB
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