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DBMS > 4D vs. IBM Db2 Event Store vs. TimesTen vs. TypeDB vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. IBM Db2 Event Store vs. TimesTen vs. TypeDB vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 Event Store  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemDistributed Event Store optimized for Internet of Things use casesIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to OracleTypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query languageVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMSEvent Store
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSGraph DBMS
Relational DBMS infoOften described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.
Document store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.19
Rank#323  Overall
#2  Event Stores
#28  Time Series DBMS
Score1.31
Rank#163  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Score0.65
Rank#234  Overall
#20  Graph DBMS
#107  Relational DBMS
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitewww.4d.comwww.ibm.com/­products/­db2-event-storewww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.htmltypedb.comvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.ibm.com/­docs/­en/­db2-event-storedocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1typedb.com/­docsdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
Developer4D, IncIBMOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005VaticleOpenLink Software
Initial release19842017199820161998
Current releasev20, April 20232.011 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)2.26.3, January 20247.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infofree developer edition availablecommercialOpen Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC and C++JavaC
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux infoLinux, macOS, Windows for the developer additionAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononoyes
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes infothrough the embedded Spark runtimeyesnoyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
ADO.NET
DB2 Connect
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Visual Basic
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesPL/SQLnoyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersyesnononoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnoneSharding infoby using Cassandrayes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationActive-active shard replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication infoby using CassandraChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes infoby using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeperyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesno infosubstituted by the relationship featureyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesNo - written data is immutableyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesYes - Synchronous writes to local disk combined with replication and asynchronous writes in parquet format to permanent shared storageyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpointsyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progressFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionIBM Db2 Event StoreTimesTenTypeDB infoformerly named GraknVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsTypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
» more
Virtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesTypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
» more
Performance & Scale โ€” as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosLife sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
» more
Used for โ€” Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including โ€” European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base โ€‹of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
» more
Available in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionIBM Db2 Event StoreTimesTenTypeDB infoformerly named GraknVirtuoso
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