DBMS > 4D vs. IBM Cloudant vs. RDF4J vs. TerminusDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. IBM Cloudant vs. RDF4J vs. TerminusDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Database as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDB

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Scalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationships

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store
RDF store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	2.75
Rank	#104	Overall
	#19	Document stores

Score	0.74
Rank	#222	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Score	0.23
Rank	#316	Overall
	#27	Graph DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

www.ibm.com/products/cloudant

rdf4j.org

terminusdb.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

cloud.ibm.com/docs/Cloudant

rdf4j.org/documentation

terminusdb.github.io/terminusdb/#

Developer

4D, Inc

IBM, Apache Software Foundation

IBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

DataChemist Ltd.

Initial release

1984

2010

2004

2018

Current release

v20, April 2023

11.0.0, January 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Open Source

GPL V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Erlang

Java

Prolog, Rust

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

hosted

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

RDF Schemas

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like query language (WOQL)

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

OWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby

Java
PHP
Python

JavaScript
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

View functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScript

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

none

Graph Partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

Journaling Streams

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

atomic operations within a document possible

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Optimistic locking

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

yes

in-memory journaling

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access rights for users can be defined per database

Role-based access control

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