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DBMS > 4D vs. HarperDB vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. HarperDB vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonHarperDB  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemHarperDB takes the "stack" out of "tech stack" by combining an ultra-fast document-style data store, in-memory cache, real-time message broker, and your application components into a single distributed technology.Well established RDBMSElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.37
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.55
Rank#243  Overall
#38  Document stores
Score3.63
Rank#79  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score18.98
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.harperdb.iowww.actian.com/­databases/­ingresazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analytics
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.harperdb.io/­docsdocs.actian.com/­ingresdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analytics
Developer4D, IncHarperDBActian CorporationMicrosoft
Initial release198420171974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s2016
Current releasev20, April 20233.1, August 202112.0, July 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infofree community edition availablecommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageNode.jsCC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
hosted
Data schemeyesdynamic schemayesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infoJSON data typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availableno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like data manipulation statementsyesyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
React Hooks
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
WebSocket
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C
C#
C++
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
MatLab
Objective C
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Swift
C#
Java
PHP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesCustom Functions infosince release 3.1yesTransact SQL
Triggersyesnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneA table resides as a whole on one (or more) nodes in a clusterhorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslySharding, horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes infothe nodes on which a table resides can be definedIngres Replicatoryes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDAtomic execution of specific operationsACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoMVCCyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes, using LMDByesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users and rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionHarperDBIngresMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse
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