DBMS > 4D vs. H2GIS vs. Lovefield vs. Pinecone

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. H2GIS vs. Lovefield vs. Pinecone

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Spatial extension of H2

Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript

A managed, cloud-native vector database

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.08
Rank	#368	Overall
	#7	Spatial DBMS

Score	0.33
Rank	#286	Overall
	#131	Relational DBMS

Score	3.23
Rank	#92	Overall
	#2	Vector DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

www.h2gis.org

google.github.io/lovefield

www.pinecone.io

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

www.h2gis.org/docs/home

github.com/google/lovefield/blob/master/docs/spec_index.md

docs.pinecone.io/docs/overview

Developer

4D, Inc

CNRS

Google

Pinecone Systems, Inc

Initial release

1984

2013

2014

2019

Current release

v20, April 2023

2.1.12, February 2017

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

LGPL 3.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

JavaScript

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

tested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari

hosted

Data scheme

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

String, Number, Boolean

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

SQL-like query language

via JavaScript builder pattern

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Java

JavaScript

Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

based on H2

Triggers

yes

Using read-only observers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes

based on H2

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using MemoryDB

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

yes

based on H2

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

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Vector databases
2 June 2023, Matthias Gelbmann

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Recent citations in the news

PostgreSQL is Now Faster than Pinecone, 75% Cheaper, with New Open Source Extensions
11 June 2024, PR Newswire

A New Era AI Databases: PostgreSQL with pgvectorscale Outperforms Pinecone and Cuts Costs by 75% with New Open-Source Extensions
12 June 2024, MarkTechPost

Pinecone launches its serverless vector database out of preview
21 May 2024, TechCrunch

Pinecone’s new serverless database may see few takers, analysts say
17 January 2024, InfoWorld

Pinecone launches serverless edition of its vector database on AWS
22 May 2024, SiliconANGLE News

provided by Google News

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