DBMS > 4D vs. gStore vs. H2 vs. ObjectBox vs. ReductStore

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. gStore vs. H2 vs. ObjectBox vs. ReductStore

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

A native Graph DBMS to store and maintain very large RDF datasets.

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Lightweight, fast on-device database for IoT, Mobile and Embedded devices, persisting and synchronising objects and vectors

Designed to manage unstructured time-series data efficiently, providing unique features such as storing time-stamped blobs with labels, customizable data retention policies, and a straightforward FIFO quota system.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Relational DBMS

Object oriented DBMS
Vector DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Time Series DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.14
Rank	#342	Overall
	#34	Graph DBMS
	#16	RDF stores

Score	8.33
Rank	#46	Overall
	#30	Relational DBMS

Score	1.29
Rank	#166	Overall
	#5	Object oriented DBMS
	#7	Vector DBMS

Score	0.05
Rank	#384	Overall
	#44	Time Series DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

en.gstore.cn

www.h2database.com

github.com/objectbox
objectbox.io

github.com/reductstore
www.reduct.store

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

en.gstore.cn/#/enDocs

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

docs.objectbox.io

www.reduct.store/docs

Developer

4D, Inc

Thomas Mueller

ObjectBox Limited

ReductStore LLC

Initial release

1984

2016

2005

2017

2023

Current release

v20, April 2023

1.2, November 2023

2.2.220, July 2023

4.0 (May 2024)

1.9, March 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

Bindings are released under Apache 2.0

Apache License 2.0

Open Source

Business Source License 1.1

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

C and C++

C++, Rust

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux

All OS with a Java VM

Android
Any POSIX system
Docker
iOS
Linux
macOS
QNX
Windows

Docker
Linux
macOS
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, plus "flex" map-like types

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1

JDBC
ODBC

Proprietary native API

HTTP API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python

Java

C
C++
Dart (Flutter)
Go
Java
Kotlin
Python
Swift

C++
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

Data sync between devices allowing occasional connected databases to work completely offline

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Users, roles and permissions, Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) supported

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

More information provided by the system vendor

News

The on-device Vector Database for Android and Java
29 May 2024

Vector search: making sense of search queries
29 May 2024

Python on-device Vector and Object Database for Local AI
28 May 2024

Evolution of search: traditional vs vector search
23 May 2024

On-device Vector Database for Dart/Flutter
21 May 2024

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

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Recent citations in the news

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4 December 2018, FinSMEs

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