DBMS > 4D vs. H2 vs. ObjectBox vs. OpenQM vs. Trino

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. H2 vs. ObjectBox vs. OpenQM vs. Trino

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Lightweight, fast on-device database for IoT, Mobile and Embedded devices, persisting and synchronising objects and vectors

QpenQM is a high-performance, self-tuning, multi-value DBMS

Fast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQL

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Object oriented DBMS
Vector DBMS

Multivalue DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Document store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.37
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	7.57
Rank	#47	Overall
	#30	Relational DBMS

Score	1.08
Rank	#179	Overall
	#6	Object oriented DBMS
	#9	Vector DBMS

Score	0.28
Rank	#291	Overall
	#10	Multivalue DBMS

Score	5.28
Rank	#61	Overall
	#35	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

www.h2database.com

github.com/objectbox
objectbox.io

www.rocketsoftware.com/products/rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/rocket-open-qm

trino.io

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

docs.objectbox.io

trino.io/broadcast
trino.io/docs/current

Developer

4D, Inc

Thomas Mueller

ObjectBox Limited

Rocket Software, originally Martin Phillips

Trino Software Foundation

Initial release

1984

2005

2017

1993

2012

2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL

Current release

v20, April 2023

2.2.220, July 2023

4.0 (May 2024)

3.4-12

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

Bindings are released under Apache 2.0

Apache License 2.0

Open Source

GPLv2, extended commercial license available

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C and C++

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

Android
Any POSIX system
Docker
iOS
Linux
macOS
QNX
Windows

AIX
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Solaris
Windows

Linux
macOS

for devlopment

Data scheme

yes

with some exceptions

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, plus "flex" map-like types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

depending on connected data-source

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
ODBC

Proprietary native API

JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Java

C
C++
Dart (Flutter)
Go
Java
Kotlin
Python
Swift

.Net
Basic
C
Java
Objective C
PHP
Python

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

yes

yes, depending on connected data-source

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

yes

depending on connected data-source

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

Data sync between devices allowing occasional connected databases to work completely offline

yes

depending on connected data-source

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

depending on connected data-source

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

depending on connected data-source

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

depending on connected data-source

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

SQL standard access control

More information provided by the system vendor

News

MongoDB Realm & Device Sync alternatives – ObjectBox
17 September 2024

Local AI – what it is and why we need it
11 September 2024

First on-device Vector Database (aka Semantic Index) for iOS
24 July 2024

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) with vector databases: Expanding AI Capabilities
18 June 2024

The on-device Vector Database for Android and Java
29 May 2024

23 is a go, keeping pace with Java
17 September 2024

65: Performance boosts
12 September 2024

64: Control with Open Policy Agent OPA
22 August 2024

63: Querying with JS
1 August 2024

62: A lakehouse that simply works at Prezi
11 July 2024

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

show all

Recent citations in the news

The Perfect AI Storage: Trino From Facebook And Iceberg From Netflix?
30 April 2024, The Next Platform

A look at Presto, Trino SQL query engines
9 August 2022, TechTarget

Trino: The Open-source Data Query Engine That Split from Facebook
30 March 2022, hackernoon.com

Query big data with resilience using Trino in Amazon EMR with Amazon EC2 Spot Instances for less cost
4 October 2023, AWS Blog

Starburst accelerates Trino to ‘Warp Speed’ to accelerate data querying
8 February 2023, VentureBeat

provided by Google News

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