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DBMS > 4D vs. H2 vs. NuoDB vs. Realm vs. RethinkDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. H2 vs. NuoDB vs. Realm vs. RethinkDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparisonRethinkDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.NuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactionsA DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core DataDBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeDocument store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score0.89
Rank#198  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Score7.60
Rank#52  Overall
#9  Document stores
Score2.74
Rank#105  Overall
#19  Document stores
Websitewww.4d.comwww.h2database.comwww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-databaserealm.iorethinkdb.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldoc.nuodb.comrealm.io/­docsrethinkdb.com/­docs
Developer4D, IncThomas MuellerDassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.Realm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019The Linux Foundation infosince July 2017
Initial release19842005201320142009
Current releasev20, April 20232.2.220, July 20232.4.1, August 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)commercial infolimited edition freeOpen SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++C++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMhosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infostring, binary, float, bool, date, geometry
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesyesnono
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Java.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
C infocommunity-supported driver
C# infocommunity-supported driver
C++ infocommunity-supported driver
Clojure infocommunity-supported driver
Dart infocommunity-supported driver
Erlang infocommunity-supported driver
Go infocommunity-supported driver
Haskell infocommunity-supported driver
Java infoofficial driver
JavaScript (Node.js) infoofficial driver
Lisp infocommunity-supported driver
Lua infocommunity-supported driver
Objective-C infocommunity-supported driver
Perl infocommunity-supported driver
PHP infocommunity-supported driver
Python infoofficial driver
Ruby infoofficial driver
Scala infocommunity-supported driver
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsJava, SQLno inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary
Triggersyesyesyesyes infoChange ListenersClient-side triggers through changefeeds
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonedata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/writtennoneSharding inforange based
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyes infoManaged transparently by NuoDBnoneSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infotunable commit protocolACIDAtomic single-document operations
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes infoMVCCyes infoMVCC based
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes infoTemporary tableyes infoIn-Memory realmno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Usersyesyes infousers and table-level permissions

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionH2NuoDBRealmRethinkDB
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