DBMS > 4D vs. H2 vs. Lovefield vs. Rockset

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. H2 vs. Lovefield vs. Rockset

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript

A scalable, reliable search and analytics service in the cloud, built on RocksDB

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Relational DBMS
Search engine

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	8.13
Rank	#49	Overall
	#31	Relational DBMS

Score	0.29
Rank	#293	Overall
	#133	Relational DBMS

Score	0.79
Rank	#211	Overall
	#35	Document stores

Website

www.4d.com

www.h2database.com

google.github.io/lovefield

rockset.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

github.com/google/lovefield/blob/master/docs/spec_index.md

docs.rockset.com

Developer

4D, Inc

Thomas Mueller

Google

Rockset

Initial release

1984

2005

2014

2019

Current release

v20, April 2023

2.2.220, July 2023

2.1.12, February 2017

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

JavaScript

C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

tested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari

hosted

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

dynamic typing

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

ingestion from XML files supported

Secondary indexes

yes

all fields are automatically indexed

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

SQL-like query language

via JavaScript builder pattern

Read-only SQL queries, including JOINs

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
ODBC

HTTP REST

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Java

JavaScript

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

Triggers

yes

Using read-only observers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Automatic sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

none

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using MemoryDB

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and organizations can be defined via Rockset console

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

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