DBMS > 4D vs. H2 vs. Lovefield vs. MonetDB vs. ObjectBox

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. H2 vs. Lovefield vs. MonetDB vs. ObjectBox

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript

A relational database management system that stores data in columns

Extremely fast embedded database for small devices, IoT and Mobile

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Object oriented DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS

Time Series DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	8.33
Rank	#46	Overall
	#30	Relational DBMS

Score	0.33
Rank	#286	Overall
	#131	Relational DBMS

Score	1.72
Rank	#141	Overall
	#64	Relational DBMS

Score	1.29
Rank	#166	Overall
	#5	Object oriented DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

www.h2database.com

google.github.io/lovefield

www.monetdb.org

objectbox.io

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

github.com/google/lovefield/blob/master/docs/spec_index.md

www.monetdb.org/Documentation

docs.objectbox.io

Developer

4D, Inc

Thomas Mueller

Google

MonetDB BV

ObjectBox Limited

Initial release

1984

2005

2014

2004

2017

Current release

v20, April 2023

2.2.220, July 2023

2.1.12, February 2017

Dec2023 (11.49), December 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Mozilla Public License 2.0

Open Source

Apache License 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

JavaScript

C and C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

tested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Android
iOS
Linux
macOS
Windows

Data scheme

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

SQL-like query language

via JavaScript builder pattern

yes

SQL 2003 with some extensions

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
native C library

MAPI library (MonetDB application programming interface)
ODBC

Proprietary native API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Java

JavaScript

C
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby

C
C++
Dart
Go
Java
JavaScript

planned (as of Jan 2019)
Kotlin
Python

planned (as of Jan 2019)
Swift

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

yes, in SQL, C, R

Triggers

yes

Using read-only observers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding via remote tables

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

none

Source-replica replication available in experimental status

online/offline synchronization between client and server

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using MemoryDB

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

More information provided by the system vendor

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More resources

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