DBMS > 4D vs. eXtremeDB vs. H2 vs. Ingres vs. Linter

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. eXtremeDB vs. H2 vs. Ingres vs. Linter

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Natively in-memory DBMS with options for persistency, high-availability and clustering

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Well established RDBMS

RDBMS for high security requirements

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.74
Rank	#223	Overall
	#103	Relational DBMS
	#18	Time Series DBMS

Score	8.13
Rank	#49	Overall
	#31	Relational DBMS

Score	4.11
Rank	#81	Overall
	#44	Relational DBMS

Score	0.09
Rank	#346	Overall
	#152	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

www.mcobject.com

www.h2database.com

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

linter.ru

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

www.mcobject.com/docs/extremedb.htm

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

docs.actian.com/ingres

Developer

4D, Inc

McObject

Thomas Mueller

Actian Corporation

relex.ru

Initial release

1984

2001

2005

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

1990

Current release

v20, April 2023

8.2, 2021

2.2.220, July 2023

11.2, May 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C and C++

Java

C and C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

AIX
Android
BSD
HP Open VMS
iOS
Linux
OS X
VxWorks
Windows

Data scheme

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

support of XML interfaces available

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

with the option: eXtremeSQL

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

.NET Client API
JDBC
JNI
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

ADO.NET
JDBC
LINQ
ODBC
OLE DB
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
Lua
Python
Scala

Java

C
C#
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Ruby
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

yes

proprietary syntax with the possibility to convert from PL/SQL

Triggers

yes

by defining events

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning / sharding

none

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Active Replication Fabric™ for IoT
Multi-source replication

by means of eXtremeDB Cluster option
Source-replica replication

by means of eXtremeDB High Availability option

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

Ingres Replicator

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Optimistic (MVCC) and pessimistic (locking) strategies available

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

eXtremeDB is an in-memory and/or persistent database system that offers an ultra-small...
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Competitive advantages

eXtremeDB databases can be modeled relationally or as objects and can utilize SQL...
» more

Typical application scenarios

IoT application across all markets: Industrial Control, Netcom, Telecom, Defense,...
» more

Key customers

Schneider Electronics, F5 Networks, TNS, Boeing, Northrop Grumman, GoPro, ViaSat,...
» more

Market metrics

With hundreds of customers and over 30 million devices/applications using the product...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

For server use cases, there is a simple per-server license irrespective of the number...
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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