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DBMS > 4D vs. H2 vs. InfluxDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. H2 vs. InfluxDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonInfluxDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.DBMS for storing time series, events and metricsFully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSSpatial DBMS infowith GEO packageDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score25.83
Rank#28  Overall
#1  Time Series DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.h2database.comwww.influxdata.com/­products/­influxdb-overviewazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldocs.influxdata.com/­influxdbdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
Developer4D, IncThomas MuellerMicrosoft
Initial release1984200520132019
Current releasev20, April 20232.2.220, July 20232.7.6, April 2024cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoMIT-License; commercial enterprise version availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaGo
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X infothrough Homebrew
hosted
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesNumeric data and Stringsyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesnoall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesSQL-like query languageKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP API
JSON over UDP
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Java.Net
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersyesyesnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneSharding infoin enterprise version onlySharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseselectable replication factor infoin enterprise version onlyyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes infoDepending on used storage engineno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardsimple rights management via user accountsAzure Active Directory Authentication
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionH2InfluxDBMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
Specific characteristicsInfluxData is the creator of InfluxDB , the open source time series database. It...
» more
Competitive advantagesTime to Value InfluxDB is available in all the popular languages and frameworks,...
» more
Typical application scenariosIoT & Sensor Monitoring Developers are witnessing the instrumentation of every available...
» more
Key customersInfluxData has more than 1,900 paying customers, including customers include MuleSoft,...
» more
Market metricsFastest-growing database to drive 27,500 GitHub stars Over 750,000 daily active instances
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsOpen source core with closed source clustering available either on-premise or on...
» more
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4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionH2InfluxDBMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
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