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DBMS > 4D vs. GridDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. GridDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TypeDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonGridDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemScalable in-memory time series database optimized for IoT and Big DataFully managed big data interactive analytics platformTypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedGraph DBMS
Relational DBMS infoOften described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.
Secondary database modelsKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.09
Rank#120  Overall
#10  Time Series DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score0.70
Rank#230  Overall
#20  Graph DBMS
#106  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comgriddb.netazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorertypedb.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.griddb.netdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorertypedb.com/­docs
Developer4D, IncToshiba CorporationMicrosoftVaticle
Initial release1984201320192016
Current releasev20, April 20235.1, August 2022cloud service with continuous releases2.26.3, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL version 3 and Apache License, version 2.0 , commercial license (standard and advanced editions) also availablecommercialOpen Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxhostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infonumerical, string, blob, geometry, boolean, timestampyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL92, SQL-like TQL (Toshiba Query Language)Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rno
Triggersyesyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding infoby using Cassandra
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replication infoby using Cassandra
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoConnector for using GridDB as an input source and output destination for Hadoop MapReduce jobsSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkyes infoby using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency within container, eventual consistency across containersEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonono infosubstituted by the relationship feature
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID at container levelnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseAzure Active Directory Authenticationyes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progress
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionGridDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
Specific characteristicsGridDB is a highly scalable, in-memory time series database optimized for IoT and...
» more
TypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
» more
Competitive advantages1. Optimized for IoT Equipped with Toshiba's proprietary key-container data model...
» more
TypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
» more
Typical application scenariosFactory IoT, Automative Industry, Energy, BEMS, Smart Community, Monitoring system.
» more
Life sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
» more
Key customersDenso International [see use case ] An Electric Power company [see use case ] Ishinomaki...
» more
Market metricsGitHub trending repository
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsOpen Source license (AGPL v3 & Apache v2) Commercial license (subscription)
» more
Apache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
» more

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4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionGridDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
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