DBMS > 4D vs. GridDB vs. Kingbase vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. GridDB vs. Kingbase vs. ToroDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Scalable in-memory time series database optimized for IoT and Big Data

An enterprise-class RDBMS compatible with PostgreSQL and Oracle and widely used in China.

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.37
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.91
Rank	#123	Overall
	#10	Time Series DBMS

Score	0.44
Rank	#258	Overall
	#117	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

griddb.net

www.kingbase.com.cn

github.com/torodb/server

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.griddb.net

Developer

4D, Inc

Toshiba Corporation

BeiJing KINGBASE Information technologies inc.

8Kdata

Initial release

1984

2013

1999

2016

Current release

v20, April 2023

5.1, August 2022

V8.0, August 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

AGPL version 3 and Apache License, version 2.0 , commercial license (standard and advanced editions) also available

commercial

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

C and Java

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux

Linux
Windows

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

numerical, string, blob, geometry, boolean, timestamp

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL92, SQL-like TQL (Toshiba Query Language)

Standard with numerous extensions

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

ADO.NET
gokb
JDBC
kdbndp
ODBC
PDI
PDO
Pro*C
psycopg2
QT

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

horizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioning

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Source-replica replication

yes

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Connector for using GridDB as an input source and output destination for Hadoop MapReduce jobs

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate consistency within container, eventual consistency across containers

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

ACID at container level

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access rights for users can be defined per database

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

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Recent citations in the news

TOSHIBA DIGITAL SOLUTIONS CORPORATION
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